Latar Belakang Politik Etis (Politik Balas Budi) oleh Belanda Terlengkap

Ilmusosial.info - Latar Belakang Politik Etis (Politik Balas Budi) oleh Belanda Terlengkap, Politik etis atau politik balas budi adalah suatu pemikiran yang menyatakan bahwa pemerintah kolonial memiliki tanggung jawab secara moral kepada rakyat bumiputera. Pemikiran ini adalah sebagai bentuk kritikan terhadap pelaksanaan tanam paksa yang laksanakan oleh pemerintah Belanda. Munculnya politik etis ini diprakasai oleh Peter Broshooft dan Van Deventer. Kedua orang ini adalah seorang politikus berkebangsaan Belanda yang membuka pemerintah kolonial Belanda untuk lebih memperhatikan nasib daerah jajahannya.

Berikut latar belakang pelaksanaan politik etis yang dilaksanakan oleh Bangsa Belanda.Berikut Latar belakang munculnya politik etis :

1. Sistem tanam paksa yang menimbulkan penderitaan rakyat Indonesia.
2. Sistem ekonomi liberal yang tidak memperbaiki kesejahteraan rakyat.
3. Belanda melakukan penekanan dan penindasan terhadap rakyat Indonesia.
4. Rakyat Indonesia kehilangan tanahnya.
5. Adanya kritik dari kaum intelektual Belanda itu sendiri. 

1. Sistem tanam paksa yang menimbulkan penderitaan rakyat Indonesia

Sistem tanam paksa ini mengharuskan rakyat dan pemilik tanah untuk menanam tanaman sesuai permintaan pemerintah Belanda. Dan apabila saat panen telah tiba, Belanda membeli hasil tanaman tersebut dengan harga sangat murah. Dan Hal ini juga mengakibatkan rakyat kesulitan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ekonominya. Bukan hanya itu saja Belanda juga melaksanakan monopoli terhadap dagangan rakyat.

2. Sistem ekonomi liberal yang tidak memperbaiki kesejahteraan rakyat Indonesia.

Sistem ekonomi liberal ini dipercaya sebagai sistem ekonomi yang sangat berpengaruh saat ini. Akan tetapi sejarah mencatat bahwa pelaksaan sisem ekonomi liberal tidak dapat memperbaiki kesejahteraan rakyat Indonesia selama dijajah Belanda.

3. Belanda melakukan penekanan dan penindasan terhadap rakyat.

Untuk melaksanakan kebijakannya, Pemerintah Belanda melakukan penekanan dan penindasan terhadap rakyat. dan ini dilakukan agar rakyat mau melaksanakan perintah Belanda

4. Rakyat Indonesia kehilangan tanahnya

Pelaksanaan tanam paksa Ini juga memungkinkan Belanda untuk mengambil tanah dari para pemilik tanah. Hal ini mengakibatkan banyak pemilik tanah kehilangan tanah mereka.

5. Adanya kritik dari kaum intelektual Belanda itu sendiri.

Praktik tanam paksa ternyata mendapat kritikan dan tentangan dari para tokoh intelektual Belanda. Van Deventer dan Broshooft ialah dua tokoh yang secara tegas menolak tanam paksa tersebut dan menganjurkan politik etis atau politik balas budi. Van Deventer berpendapat bahwa Negara Belanda telah memiliki banyak hutang budi  pada rakyat Indonesia selama pelaksanaan tanam paksa. Hutang tersebut harus dibayar oleh pemerintah Belanda dengan cara memperbaiki nasib rakyat, dan memberikan pendidikan dan memakmurkan rakyat Indonesia. Gagagasan Van Deventer ini di tuangkan dalam artikel yang berjudul Eeu Eereschuld (Hutang Budi) dan dimuat oleh majalah De Gids.

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